The difference between ”right to work” and “employment at will”
Both “right to work” and “employment at will” are, obviously, employment terms. One has to do with hiring employees (hopefully you) the other has to do with firing employees (hopefully not you).
Right to Work
“Right to work” laws govern hiring of employees. In a nutshell, “right to work” means that a person has the right to work for a company without being required to either join a union or financially support a union. Basically, if you live in a “right to work” state, joining a union, or paying union dues, can’t be a condition of your employment.
Even in “right to work” states, unions can still legally operate. In fact, they may even still represent all employees in grievances and negotiations. However, they can’t force a person to join the union or pay union dues if the person doesn't want to...
Employment at Will
“Employment at will” means that either an employer or employee can end a working relationship at any time, for any reason, with no notice. That’s right. No notice. Zero. None. Nada. You can be terminated—or quit your job—on the spot.
That means if your employer doesn’t like the color of your shirt, he can fire you. If he doesn’t like how you do your hair, say good-bye to your job (okay, that’s probably not all that common, but it COULD, theoretically, happen). It kind of means that no matter how hard you work, if you upset your boss, no matter how small the incident, you could be out of a job. Bet that’s got you saying…
But…Isn’t that Discrimination?
Most states are “employment at will” states. In those states, there are very few exceptions to “employment at will” law, although the exceptions are significant. The only exceptions are that employers can’t fire anyone for reasons protected by federal legislation. That means that discriminatory firings (age, sex, religion, race…the usual suspects) are still illegal in “employment at will” states. So, you can breathe a sigh of relief if you think you’ve been fired for discriminatory reasons and, having read that last bit, thought you don’t have valid lawsuit against your employer.