Yes and people have been receiving negative rates in the US for years. The only issue here is that when banks offer negative nominal rates it encourages people to hold cash instead. This is one reason why monetary systems have a positive rate of inflation, it allows banks to offer negative interest rates without negative nominal rates. That is, if your inflation rate is 2% and you only get .5% in your account your rate of interest is in fact -1.5%. Open any checking or savings account in the US right now and your interest rate, real interest rate, is negative 1~2%.